14. Turtle houses module

Make a house module that provides definitions to make prefabricated houses with one line of code.

The houses are built from squares, rectangles and triangles.
To reduce the code in the main file, separate modules are used which group the code together.
Definitions for the base shapes, squares, rectangles and triangles, are placed in a module, shapes.py.
Definitions for house shapes will be placed in a module, houses.py.

Download the python file shapes.py module

Create the module, houses.py, by following the steps below to build a basic house shape by combining together various shapes from the shapes module.

14.1. Importing the shapes module

See: https://www.w3schools.com/python/ref_keyword_as.asp
The code below shows importing the shapes module as an alias via import shapes as sh.
This makes it shorter to refer to functions in the shapes module.
Instead of needing shapes.rectangle, only sh.rectangle is needed.

import turtle
import shapes as sh

14.2. Houses

The diagram below shows the layout of a house with windows.
Positions and sizes of each shape are related to the position and sizes of the house.
Measurements are calculated using multiplication and division so that the house can be scaled up or down and still keep the same proportions.

14.3. House definition

Write a definition that produces a house of given length, height and position with 0 to 2 windows.

house(t, length=60, height=40, start_pos=(0, 0), w_sides=None)): draw a house with 0-2 windows

t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.

length (int, optional): length of house. Defaults to 60.

height (int, optional): height of house. Defaults to 40.

start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house. Defaults to (0, 0).

w_sides (str, optional): L for windows on left side of house; R for right; LR for both. Defaults to None.

Use the functions from the shapes.py module to build the house function.
The code below is starter code for the house definition.
The doc string has already been added.
Comments are in place to indicate where each part of the house will be added.

import turtle
import shapes as sh

def house(t, length=60, height=40, start_pos=(0, 0), w_sides=None):
    """draw a house with 0-2 windows

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house. Defaults to 60.
        height (int, optional): height of house. Defaults to 40.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house. Defaults to (0, 0).
        w_sides (str, optional): window sides - L for left side of house; R for right and LR for both. Defaults to None.
    """
    # front of house

    # door

    # roof

    # windows

14.4. Front of house

The front of the house will be a rectangle.
The length, width, start_pos of the rectangle are those of the house.
For simplicity, the pensize has been set to 1, pencolor to black and fillcolor to snow.
Use: sh.rectangle(t, length=length, width=height, start_pos=start_pos, penw=1, penc="black", fillc="snow")

Code Completion: front of house

Q

Add the front of the house to the house definition.

import turtle
import shapes as sh

def house(t, length=60, height=40, start_pos=(0, 0), w_sides=None):
    """draw a house with 0-2 windows

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house. Defaults to 60.
        height (int, optional): height of house. Defaults to 40.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house. Defaults to (0, 0).
        w_sides (str, optional): L for left side of house; R for right and LR for both. Defaults to None.
    """
    # front of house
    '''add code here to draw the rectangle'''

    # door

    # roof

    # windows

Ans

Added the front of the house to the house definition.

import turtle
import shapes as sh

def house(t, length=60, height=40, start_pos=(0, 0), w_sides=None):
    """draw a house with 0-2 windows

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house. Defaults to 60.
        height (int, optional): height of house. Defaults to 40.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house. Defaults to (0, 0).
        w_sides (str, optional): L for left side of house; R for right and LR for both. Defaults to None.
    """
    # front of house
    sh.rectangle(t, length=length, width=height, start_pos=start_pos,
                    penw=1, penc="black", fillc="snow")

    # door

    # roof

    # windows

Test the code so far using:
house(t, length=600, height=300, start_pos=(-300, -200), w_sides="LR")
This will build a house of 600 by 300 at (-300, -200).
Only the houses main rectangle will be drawn so far.

Tasks

Test the code so far.

14.5. Door of house

The door of the house will be a rectangle.

Code Completion: door of house

Q

Complete the house_door definition.

def house_door(t, length, height, start_pos):
    """draw door 1/3 along length of house, 1/5 of length of house, 1/1.6 of height of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
    """
    d_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//XXX, start_pos[1])
    d_height = height//XXX
    d_length = length//XXX
    sh.XXX(t, length=d_length, width=d_height, start_pos=d_pos, penw=1, penc="black", fillc="green")

Ans

Completed house_door definition.

def house_door(t, length, height, start_pos):
    """draw door 1/3 along length of house, 1/5 of length of house, 1/1.6 of height of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
    """
    d_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//3, start_pos[1])
    d_height = height//1.6
    d_length = length//5
    sh.rectangle(t, length=d_length, width=d_height, start_pos=d_pos, penw=1, penc="black", fillc="green")

Test the code so far using:
house(t, length=600, height=300, start_pos=(-300, -200), w_sides="LR")
This will build a house of 600 by 300 at (-300, -200).
Only the houses main rectangle and door will be drawn.

Tasks

Test the code so far

14.6. Roof of house

The roof of the house will be an isosceles triangle.

Code Completion: roof of house

Q

Complete the house_roof definition.

def house_roof(t, length, height, start_pos):
    """draw roof height 1/3 of house length
    with overhang of 1/20 length of house over left side and right side of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
    """
    r_height = length//XXX
    r_length = length * XXX
    r_overhang = length//XXX
    r_pos = (start_pos[0] - r_overhang, start_pos[1] + height)
    sh.XXX(t, base=r_length, height=r_height, start_pos=r_pos, penw=1, penc="black", fillc="brown")

Ans

Complete the house_roof definition.

def house_roof(t, length, height, start_pos):
    """draw roof with overhang of 1/20 length of house over left side and right side of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
    """
    r_height = length//3
    r_length = length * 1.1
    r_overhang = length//20
    r_pos = (start_pos[0] - r_overhang, start_pos[1] + height)
    sh.isosceles(t, base=r_length, height=r_height, start_pos=r_pos, penw=1, penc="black", fillc="brown")

Test the code so far using:
house(t, length=600, height=300, start_pos=(-300, -200), w_sides="LR")
This will build a house of 600 by 300 at (-300, -200).
Only the houses main rectangle and door and roof will be drawn.

Tasks

Test the code so far

14.7. windows

Combine 4 squares to make a 4 pane square window.

Code Completion: roof of house

Q

Complete the house_window4 definition.

def house_window4(t, length, height, start_pos, w_side, fillc="light blue"):
    """draw a 4 pane square window.
        each window pane is half the total length of the window.
        right hand window; 1/5 of house length; 2/3 of house length from left of house up 1/3 of height of house
        left hand window; 1/5 of house length; 1/20 of house length from left of house up 1/3 of height of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
        w_side (str): L for left side of house; R for right and LR for both.
        fillc (str, optional): window pane colour. Defaults to "light blue".
    """
    w_length = length//XXX
    if "L" in w_side:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//XXX, start_pos[1] + height//XXX)
    elif "R" in w_side:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + 2*length//XXX, start_pos[1] + height//XXX)
    else:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//XXX, start_pos[1] + height//XXX)

    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=w_pos, fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0] + w_length, w_pos[1]), fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0], w_pos[1] + w_length), fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0] + w_length, w_pos[1] + w_length), fillc="light blue")

Q

Completed house_window4 definition.

def house_window4(t, length, height, start_pos, w_side, fillc="light blue"):
    """draw a 4 pane square window.
        each window pane is half the total length of the window.
        right hand window; 1/5 of house length; 2/3 of house length from left of house up 1/3 of height of house
        left hand window; 1/5 of house length; 1/20 of house length from left of house up 1/3 of height of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
        w_side (str): L for left side of house; R for right and LR for both.
        fillc (str, optional): window pane colour. Defaults to "light blue".
    """
    w_length = length//10
    if "L" in w_side:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//20, start_pos[1] + height//3)
    elif "R" in w_side:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + 2*length//3, start_pos[1] + height//3)
    else:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//20, start_pos[1] + height//3)

    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=w_pos, fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0] + w_length, w_pos[1]), fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0], w_pos[1] + w_length), fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0] + w_length, w_pos[1] + w_length), fillc="light blue")

14.8. Houses with windows

Test the completed code using:
house(t, length=600, height=300, start_pos=(-300, -200), w_sides="LR")
This will build a house of 600 by 300 at (-300, -200).
Only the houses main rectangle and door and roof will be drawn.

Tasks

Test the completed code

Code test

import turtle
import shapes as sh

s = turtle.Screen()
s.bgcolor("white")
s.title("Houses")
s.setup(width=800, height=600, startx=200, starty=100)

t = turtle.Turtle()
t.speed(9)

def house_door(t, length, height, start_pos):
    """draw door 1/3 along length of house, 1/5 of length of house, 1/1.6 of height of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
    """
    d_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//3, start_pos[1])
    d_height = height//1.6
    d_length = length//5
    sh.rectangle(t, length=d_length, width=d_height, start_pos=d_pos, penw=1, penc="black", fillc="green")


def house_roof(t, length, height, start_pos):
    """draw roof with overhang of 1/20 length of house over left side and right side of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
    """
    r_height = length//3
    r_length = length * 1.1
    r_overhang = length//20
    r_pos = (start_pos[0] - r_overhang, start_pos[1] + height)
    sh.isosceles(t, base=r_length, height=r_height, start_pos=r_pos, penw=1, penc="black", fillc="brown")


def house_window4(t, length, height, start_pos, w_side, fillc="light blue"):
    """draw a 4 pane square window.
        each window pane is half the total length of the window.
        right hand window; 1/5 of house length; 2/3 of house length from left of house up 1/3 of height of house
        left hand window; 1/5 of house length; 1/20 of house length from left of house up 1/3 of height of house

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house.
        height (int, optional): height of house.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house.
        w_sides (str): L for left side of house; R for right and LR for both.
        fillc (str, optional): window pane colour. Defaults to "light blue".
    """
    w_length = length//10
    if "L" in w_side:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//20, start_pos[1] + height//3)
    elif "R" in w_side:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + 2*length//3, start_pos[1] + height//3)
    else:
        w_pos = (start_pos[0] + length//20, start_pos[1] + height//3)

    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=w_pos, fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0] + w_length, w_pos[1]), fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0], w_pos[1] + w_length), fillc="light blue")
    sh.square(t, length=w_length, start_pos=(w_pos[0] + w_length, w_pos[1] + w_length), fillc="light blue")


def house(t, length=60, height=40, start_pos=(0, 0), w_sides=None):
    """draw a house with 0-2 windows

    Args:
        t (class turtle.Turtle): turtle instance.
        length (int, optional): length of house. Defaults to 60.
        height (int, optional): height of house. Defaults to 40.
        start_pos (tuple, optional): bottom left of house. Defaults to (0, 0).
        w_sides (str, optional): L for left side of house; R for right and LR for both. Defaults to None.
    """
    # front of house
    sh.rectangle(t, length=length, width=height, start_pos=start_pos,
                    penw=1, penc="black", fillc="snow")
    # door
    house_door(t, length, height, start_pos)

    # roof
    house_roof(t, length, height, start_pos)

    # windows
    if w_sides is not None:
        if "R" in w_sides:
            # right hand window
            house_window4(t, length, height, start_pos, "R")
        if "L" in w_sides:
            # left hand window
            house_window4(t, length, height, start_pos, "L")


house(t, length=600, height=300, start_pos=(-300, -200), w_sides="LR")

s.exitonclick()

14.9. Multiple houses

Use the completed house definition to make a row of houses of different sizes.

Exercises

Test the house module using the code below.
Make your own row of houses of different sizes.

import turtle
import houses as h

s = turtle.Screen()
s.bgcolor("white")
s.title("Houses")
s.setup(width=800, height=600, startx=200, starty=100)
s.tracer(0, 0)

t = turtle.Turtle()
t.speed(0)

h.house(t, length=210, height=160, start_pos=(-200, 20), w_sides="LR")
h.house(t, length=150, height=120, start_pos=(200, 20), w_sides="LR")
h.house(t, length=60, height=40, start_pos=(-100, 0), w_sides=None)
h.house(t, length=80, height=50, start_pos=(-10, 0), w_sides="R")
h.house(t, length=120, height=100, start_pos=(90, 0), w_sides="L")
h.house(t, length=210, height=160, start_pos=(-390, 0), w_sides="LR")

t.ht()
s.update()
s.exitonclick()