4. Dictionary Question and Answer

This Python code is a quiz program about AFL premierships.
It includes a function to clear the terminal screen, a dictionary of AFL teams and their premiership counts, and displays this list to the user.
The user is then prompted to start a quiz where they guess the number of premierships won by randomly selected teams.
The program checks the user’s guess, provides feedback, and allows the user to continue or exit the quiz.
Finally, it prints the list of teams and their premierships again after the quiz ends.
import random
import os

# Function to clear the terminal screen
def clear_screen():
    # For Windows
    if os.name == 'nt':
        _ = os.system('cls')
    # For macOS and Linux
    else:
        _ = os.system('clear')

# Dictionary of premiers with full team names
premiers = {
    "Essendon": 16,
    "Collingwood": 16,
    "Carlton": 16,
    "Melbourne": 13,
    "Richmond": 13,
    "Hawthorn": 13,
    "Geelong": 10,
    "Sydney Swans": 5,  # Linked to South Melbourne
    "Brisbane Lions": 4,  # Linked to Fitzroy
    "West Coast Eagles": 4,
    "North Melbourne": 4,
    "Western Bulldogs": 2,
    "Adelaide": 2,
    "Port Adelaide": 1,
    "St Kilda": 1,
    "Fremantle": 0,
    "Greater Western Sydney": 0,
    "Gold Coast": 0,
    "Fitzroy": 8,
    "South Melbourne": 3
}

# Display the list of premiers for study
print("List of AFL Premiers:\n")
for team, premierships in premiers.items():
    print(f"{team}: {premierships} premierships")

# Prompt to start the quiz
start_quiz = input("\nDo you want to start the quiz? (Y/N): ").strip().upper()

if start_quiz == "Y":
    clear_screen()  # Clear the terminal screen before starting the quiz
    while True:
        # Randomly select a team
        team = random.choice(list(premiers.keys()))

        # Ask the user to guess the number of premierships
        user_guess = input(f"How many premierships has {team} won? ").strip()

        # Get the correct number of premierships
        correct_premierships = premiers[team]

        # Check if the user's guess is correct
        if user_guess.isdigit() and int(user_guess) == correct_premierships:
            print("Correct!\n")
        else:
            print(f"Incorrect. {team} has won {correct_premierships} premierships.\n")

        # Ask the user if they want to continue or exit
        user_input = input("Press Enter to continue or any other key to exit: ").strip()
        if user_input != "":
            print("Exiting the program.\n")
            break

print("\nFinal list of teams and their premierships:\n", premiers,"\n")

4.1. Importing Modules:

import random
import os

  • random: This module is used to generate random numbers or select random items.

  • os: This module provides a way to interact with the operating system, such as clearing the terminal screen.

4.2. Function to Clear the Terminal Screen:

def clear_screen():
    if os.name == 'nt':
        _ = os.system('cls')
    else:
        _ = os.system('clear')

  • clear_screen(): This function clears the terminal screen. It checks the operating system (os.name) and uses the appropriate command (cls for Windows and clear for macOS/Linux).

4.3. Dictionary of AFL Premiers:

premiers = {
    "Essendon": 16,
    "Collingwood": 16,
    "Carlton": 16,
    "Melbourne": 13,
    "Richmond": 13,
    "Hawthorn": 13,
    "Geelong": 10,
    "Sydney Swans": 5,
    "Brisbane Lions": 4,
    "West Coast Eagles": 4,
    "North Melbourne": 4,
    "Western Bulldogs": 2,
    "Adelaide": 2,
    "Port Adelaide": 1,
    "St Kilda": 1,
    "Fremantle": 0,
    "Greater Western Sydney": 0,
    "Gold Coast": 0,
    "Fitzroy": 8,
    "South Melbourne": 3
}

  • This dictionary stores AFL teams as keys and their respective number of premierships as values.

4.4. Displaying the List of Premiers:

print("List of AFL Premiers:\n")
for team, premierships in premiers.items():
    print(f"{team}: {premierships} premierships")

  • This code prints the list of AFL teams and their premiership counts.

4.5. Prompt to Start the Quiz:

start_quiz = input("\nDo you want to start the quiz? (Y/N): ").strip().upper()

  • The user is asked if they want to start the quiz. The input is stripped of any leading/trailing whitespace and converted to uppercase.

4.6. Quiz Logic:

if start_quiz == "Y":
    clear_screen()
    while True:
        team = random.choice(list(premiers.keys()))
        user_guess = input(f"How many premierships has {team} won? ").strip()
        correct_premierships = premiers[team]

        if user_guess.isdigit() and int(user_guess) == correct_premierships:
            print("Correct!\n")
        else:
            print(f"Incorrect. {team} has won {correct_premierships} premierships.\n")

        user_input = input("Press Enter to continue or any other key to exit: ").strip()
        if user_input != "":
            print("Exiting the program.\n")
            break

  • If the user chooses to start the quiz (start_quiz == “Y”), the screen is cleared.

  • A loop begins where a random team is selected.

  • The user is prompted to guess the number of premierships for the selected team.

  • The guess is checked against the correct number of premierships.

  • Feedback is provided based on the user’s guess.

  • The user can choose to continue or exit the quiz.

4.7. Final Display:

print("\nFinal list of teams and their premierships:\n", premiers,"\n")

  • After the quiz ends, the final list of teams and their premierships is printed again.